Carbon heater - how does it work and why is it better than other heating options?

Features of infrared heating with carbon fiber (carbon filament)

Heat transfer is a spontaneous irreversible process of energy transfer from more heated bodies or parts of the body to less heated ones. There are three types of heat transfer: heat conduction, convection and radiation.
Thermal conductivity - the property of a material to transfer heat through the entire thickness from one surface to another, if these surfaces have different temperatures. Thermal conductivity depends on the porosity, moisture content and bulk density of the material.

Convection is a type of heat transfer in which heat is transferred due to the mixing of large volumes of matter.

Heating Cable 24K 18.5ohm (Teflon Carbon Fiber Wire)

Convection is observed in liquids and gases.

Radiation is a type of heat transfer carried out by means of electromagnetic waves (thermal radiation) emitted by heated bodies. The radiation spectrum depends on the body temperature. For reference: the intensity of heat transfer by heat conduction and convection is proportional to the temperature, and the radiant heat flux is proportional fourth degree temperature... The sun is a powerful radiator of thermal energy. Residential, office and industrial premises are often heated with electric heat emitters, the reddish glow of their spirals is visible thermal radiation, close to the infrared part of the spectrum. The room is heated by heat, which is carried mainly by the invisible infrared part of the radiation (radiant heat transfer). It is known that a body heated to a certain temperature emits thermal energy in the infrared range of the spectrum and can transfer this energy through radiant heat exchange to other bodies. Thus, the heat from an electric infrared heater is akin to the sun's rays, only without the harmful ultraviolet part, it creates comfortable conditions for humans and animals, including at air temperatures 4 or more degrees below comfortable, does not dry the air, does not create air movement, raising dust, in contrast to the widespread convection method.

Applications of infrared carbon heaters Heating of premises: • heating of industrial, office and household premises as the main and additional heating; • local heating outdoors, including at negative air temperatures; • local heating of workplaces in premises large in area and height; • heating of commercial stalls, stalls, temporary structures; • heating of greenhouses.

In agricultural production: • heating calves, piglets and other young animals in animal husbandry; • drying of grain and other agricultural products;

At home: • effective heating of people, animals, objects in the moving air; • heating of balconies, loggias, verandas and terraces; • for various purposes: from heating water in an aquarium to drying mushrooms.

Other: • heating of mobile objects: electric carriages, trolleybuses, elevators, etc .; • heating and maintaining the temperature of water and other liquids (solutions) above the freezing point in a non-contact way; • drying of paint and varnish coatings; • local drying in finishing works in construction; • wood drying; • anti-icing heating of windshields in transport.

Carbon Heater for Home

Carbon heater - a device consisting of carbon fiber, which is enclosed in a vacuum quartz tube and heats the room using infrared radiation.

This is a fairly new type of heaters, which was invented at the turn of the two millennia and quickly gained popularity among buyers, due to its performance and original appearance.

The device and principle of operation of infrared carbon heaters

A carbon heater is a type of infrared heating device that uses a hydrocarbon filament instead of a tungsten filament as a heating element.

Such a heating element has a high thermal conductivity and, accordingly, has a higher heat transfer. In this regard, a 1 kW carbon heater heats a room with the same area and to the same temperature as, for example, an oil cooler with a power of 2-2.5 kW.

The carbon filament is enclosed in a tube from which air is completely evacuated. An electric current passes through it and it heats up. As a result of this, infrared rays are emitted, which fall on objects and heat them up. Then these objects, the heating depth of which reaches 2-2.5 cm, begin to give off heat to the room, evenly distributing it over the entire area.

The carbon filament does not change its length when heated, and it does not break with sharp cooling. This property of carbon heaters implies a long service life.

The infrared carbon heater heats up to a maximum temperature of 90 degrees and eliminates the combustion of oxygen, which sets it apart from other types of appliances.

The heating element is covered with a wire mesh, which eliminates the possibility of scalding. Most carbon heaters have temperature sensors, with the help of which the temperature is set and then, after reaching the set values, the device is turned off. In addition, they are equipped with fire-safe devices that turn off the heater when tilted and overheated.

Benefits of a carbon heater

Carbon heaters are a relatively new type of infrared emitters, and these devices on the modern market are considered the most progressive and economical for indoor use. Some people are frightened by the phrase "emitter" and believe that such heaters are harmful, but in fact, such emitters emit only infrared rays, and they heat up the surrounding objects. It is enough to place the heater on the wall, floor or ceiling, plug in the cord from the device to the network in order to heat the entire space of the room in a relatively short time.

A carbon heater has been on the market for a long time, its main heating element is a carbon fiber or thread, placed in a quartz tube, from which air is evacuated.

When an electric current is passed through the filament, the carbon filament begins to emit infrared rays, which, in turn, penetrating into the surrounding objects, begin to heat them, and they give off heat to the surrounding space.

A carbon heating element has a higher thermal conductivity than, for example, metal, and as a result, much less electricity is required to heat the filament. So it can be noted that such heating elements are more practical and economical. The only remark is that such heating elements require careful handling, since, for example, if dropped or hit hard on the case, the quartz tube may break and the heating element will fail. And it is not always possible to repair and replace a damaged part.

Types of carbon heaters

On the equipment market, carbon heaters are represented by several types:

1. Wall mounted carbon heaters. They are wall-mounted and are quite common. These heaters do not heat the room as efficiently as ceiling heaters due to the direction of heat movement, but they are very convenient, since they practically do not take up space.From the large selection that we are offered, you can buy models with an original design, which will only add attractiveness to your interior.

Carbon heater device (video)

A type of carbon heaters can be considered lamp IR heaters, this design is a quartz tube with carbon fiber inside, and in addition, a lamp, both conventional and special infrared, can be installed on the body, which also gives not only heat, but also light to the room. Carbon infrared heaters are safe to use, practical, and consume little electricity. With careful handling, they can serve and provide warmth for many years.

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Carbon heat-insulated floor - rod and film (solid)

It is advisable not to place wooden objects near the infrared battery to avoid excessive overheating. Such a wall-mounted carbon heater is safe for children, the temperature of the outer panel does not exceed 90 degrees and will not spoil the coating of the wall to which it is attached, since the back surface of the device has a temperature of no more than 45 degrees.

Criteria for choosing a carbon heater

• Before buying a carbon heater, decide where the heater will be located: on the floor, on the wall or on the ceiling. For those who do not have extra space in the room, a wall or ceiling unit is suitable, for large rooms it is advisable to use a floor heater;
• Power is an equally important criterion when choosing any heater. Carbon type means low-power heaters of 300-800 W, which are suitable for local heating, heaters with medium power, suitable for home use and infrared units for industrial scale, for example, for heating a workshop, showroom, auditorium;
• Control type. Think about how easy it will be for you to cope with the device while lying on your bed or at the other end of the room. If you are ready for simple control, then you will cope with the operation of the device using the buttons on the heater case. For remote control, some models have remotes;

• Type of heating element (halogen lamps, ceramic, quartz, micathermic). The first type of lamps is impractical, as it emits short waves, unable to heat over a distance of more than 1 m. Ceramic lamps are short-lived. Quartz crystals have a red color, which is unpleasant for long viewing. The best option for an economical heater is a micathermic heating element, which has a long service life;
• If you want to use the device for a long time, for example, overnight, a thermostat must be present in the carbon device to maintain a constant temperature;
• Sensors. Most models have an overheating protection sensor. Check its availability if necessary. Units with rollover sensors are also often sold, which are relevant for floor models;
• Remote control. Suitable for wall and ceiling heaters;
• Angle of rotation. If you are planning to heat designated areas, it is best to purchase an adjustable tilt heater.

Pros and cons of carbon heaters

• The use of devices with infrared radiation for heating has a positive effect on the functioning of the human body, increasing blood circulation, positively affecting the digestive tract and, which is very important, plays the role of a substitute for the sun in winter, thanks to beneficial radiation.
• Significant energy savings. Thanks to the carbon fiber, heat dissipation is increased, which leads to faster heating of the premises with less power consumption.
• High environmental friendliness is characteristic of all infrared heaters. Such devices do not burn oxygen and do not dry the air. In addition, no harmful substances and odors are emitted during operation.
• Outside heating, a typical feature for carbon heaters.
• Nice and modern design for all kinds of such devices.
• High protection against moisture.

Many buyers, before the final decision to buy an infrared heater, are wondering: is there any harm from carbon heaters? So, the answer will be unambiguous. A carbon heater cannot do harm, because infrared radiation is not only absolutely safe for humans, but even benefits, and carbon, tightly pressed into the tube, does not evaporate while in a vacuum. But such a heater still has some disadvantages.

Disadvantages of carbon heaters:

• A rather fragile design. If you read some forums about a carbon heater and reviews, then sometimes you can see complaints about the fragility of the structure. The concern is caused by a carbon tube, which may burst if dropped.
• Cost. It is not prohibitive, but higher than that of some other types of heaters.
• Extraneous sound. There is no noise as such, but when it cools down, and it does not last long, you can hear a crackling sound, so people who find it unpleasant can look for another option.

The main disadvantages of carbon heaters

A carbon heater is a carbon fiber that is placed in a special quartz tube with a vacuum inside. Thanks to this design, these types of heaters do not dry out the atmosphere, saving oxygen, but, despite this, there are certain disadvantages in such a design.

Such heaters do not tolerate well:

• Blows;
• In the event of an accidental fall during installation or a strong impact, the carbon fiber deteriorates;
• The carbon is in the quartz tube and can be damaged by shaking;
• The heater will fail from overheating.

Such heaters are also not intended for drying anything, so, for example, they cannot be used to dry laundry after washing and other damp things, as this may lead to an emergency shutdown of the heater.If the infrared heater is installed too close to furniture or other things, it can also overheat and an emergency shutdown will occur. It can be turned on again only after it has cooled down and the cause of overheating has been eliminated.

An overview of the most popular heaters on the next page of our website:

Also, if an obstacle is placed at a certain distance from the heater, then only it will heat up, and those objects to which the radiation is directed will stop heating, and the temperature will begin to drop in the room.

When using a small heater, only a small part of the room will heat up, and objects that subsequently emit heat will not heat up evenly. Warming up the room can be quite long, especially at high negative air temperatures. There is a lack of spare parts and, in the event of a breakdown, you have to send the entire heater to the service center, and this is quite costly and takes a long time. Also during shipment, despite the quality packaging, after repair the heater may be damaged during transportation.

Why did pivot floors gain popularity so quickly in the domestic market? You can find the answer in the article:

Carbon Fiber Infrared Heater

Hello! Carbon heaters are occupying an increasing niche in the heating appliance market. They can be classified as infrared heaters, but the heating element in them is a carbon fiber, the spiral of which is in a vacuum environment inside a quartz tube. What is it about carbon heaters if more and more consumers are purchasing them? It is noteworthy that these long-wave devices do not heat the air of the room, but heat the surfaces of objects located in the room, and heat penetrates into them to a depth of 2 cm. After that, the objects themselves (chairs, cabinets, etc.) become emitters of a comfortable heat.

Advantages and disadvantages of the heater

Before choosing a device, you should find out all the pros and cons of carbon heaters. The price in this case will not play a big role, since almost all devices have an affordable cost. It is worth noting the following advantages of the unit:

• the power of the heater is 2-3 times higher than that of similar analogs;
• low level of energy consumption, which is associated with the high thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber;
• long period of operation;
• safe work, since there is no short-wave radiation;
• high mobility of structures;
• high efficiency (about 95%);
• ease of management and maintenance;
• silent work.

But these heaters also have disadvantages. The main one is the low efficiency of application for outdoor heating. This is due to the use of long wavelength radiation. It should be borne in mind that with careless operation, the probability of breakage of the quartz tube is high. But if you handle the carbon heater correctly, then these disadvantages can be leveled.

Heaters with carbon heating element

IR waves are generated after heating carbon fibers with an electric current. As they spread around the room, they do not "burn out" oxygen, and the air in the room does not become less humid. A feature of the heating device is the ability to use it outdoors, but in this case, the area of ​​effective heating is reduced.

Belonging to the class of infrared devices, a carbon heater differs from IR emitters using more traditional materials as a heating element (not to mention electric convectors, fan heaters and oil heaters) in greater efficiency. The energy efficiency of the new device is at least 2 times better than those of the listed devices. A carbon fiber appliance with a capacity of about 1 kW will cope with the task of heating a room, like a heater of earlier designs, consuming 2-2.2 kW of electricity per hour. It should be added that its power of 1 KW is enough to effectively heat a room of 10 m2. When choosing a device in a store, consider this circumstance.

Manufacturers assure that carbon fibers used as a heating element have an almost unlimited resource. In addition, there is an opinion about the beneficial effects of the included device on the human body. The human body can also be imagined as an object warming up to a shallow depth. It is believed that a working emitter improves subcutaneous blood circulation and even fights inflammation in the joints and muscle ligaments. It should be added that, entering a cold room and turning on the device in the network, a person in the zone of its radiation almost immediately feels the effect of heat.

Today there are 3 types of carbon fiber heaters.

1. Floor standing - it is compact and mobile. It can be moved from room to room if necessary.
2. Ceiling - these devices can even be installed in suspended ceilings.
3. Wall-mounted - the device is preferable if in the house you need to create an optimal microclimate for a child with maximum safety for him.

In addition, carbon heaters can be rotary and non-rotary, equipped with remote control systems. Most models are equipped with thermostats that automatically maintain the set temperature, all products are equipped with protection against overheating and power surges.

Like any technical device, the emitter is not without its drawbacks. One of them is heating only the strip where it is directed. In addition, if the device falls, the bulb with the carbon spiral enclosed in it may be destroyed. True, the heaters are automatically turned off when their position changes abruptly.

Hopefully, you get to know better what a carbon heater is and can choose one according to your needs.

Carbon heater: advantages, disadvantages and features of use

HEATING ELEMENTS

Electro-conductive properties of carbon fibrous materials allow using them in manufacturing of woven heaters, nonmetallic electro heating wires, heating elements of an infra-red range, textile products with electro heating etc. The electro-conductive materials of different textile structure and different linear resistance values ​​are produced on the bases of carbon fibrous material UVIS

CARBON TAPES

COMBINED CARBON TAPES AND FABRICS

Patent Russian Federation 2114942, kl. 6D03D 15/00

CARBON THREADS

Carbon fibrous materials offer:

• wide range of electric characteristics due to different techniques of weaving, twisting etc;
• large heating elements which have very uniform temperature distribution among the surface (∆Т <2оС)
• heating elements having very high convective heat transfer
• guaranteed longevity of heating elements (30 years and more)
• nature-friendly articles
• dry and soft heating

NON-METAL HEATING WIRES

Insulation materials: fluoroplastic, silicon plastic, organic-silicon rubber, polyvinylchloride.

Technical parameters:

Main advantages in comparison with metal heating wires:

• stability at multiple alternating deformations
• high specific resistance
• lower specific heat duty

In perspective

• The combined isolation
• Resistance from 10 to 500 ohm / m
• Supply voltage from 6 to 380 V

THE SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC HEATING OF THE FLOOR

Patent Russian Federation 2124612, kl. 6Е04F15 / 18

HEATING ELEMENT OF AN INFRA-RED RANGE OF LENGTHS WAVES

Radiator - a carbon fibrous material with the modified surface

Technical parameters:

• Electric capacity - up to 2000 W (standard - 900 and 2000 W)
• Supply voltage - 220 V (possible 24, 100, 110, 230, 240 V), 50-60 Hz
• 95% rated power output time less than 15 sec.
• Rated power output time less than 30 sec.
• Capacity share in infra-red range up to 99%
• Length of the waves, corresponding a maximum of a spectrum of radiation 2.5 - 3.5 micron
• Radiating ability - 0.99
• Temperature on a surface of radiator less than 800 ° C
• Length of quartz tube - up to 1000 mm (standard 550 and 1000 mm)
• Diameter of quartz tube - 12-16 mm
• Life time - more than 10000 hours
• Vacuum in quarz tube up to 10-4
• Design - linear, ring, u-shaped, with a covering from REM-metals and gold reflector

Application:

• Heating of household and industrial premises
• Electrical household appliances
• Physiotherapy

ELECTROHEATING TEXTILE PRODUCTS "CARITHERM"

• Are made on the basis of the carbon tapes, the combined fabrics and tapes and nonmetallic carbon wires. "Caritherm" is soft heat which that gives a non-polluting element carbon without oxygen burning.
• Such products as blankets, carpets and rugs, hot-water bottles, capes, mattresses and sleeping-bags are issued.

»CARITHERM» is:

• Ultralow, safe voltage 12V which moves through the isolation transformer - the adapter
• Products which can be applied in the medical purposes, as a source of soft heat to the people, suffering such illnesses as an osteochondrosis, a radiculitis, rheumatism, etc.
• Products which can be used for protection against overcooling during transportation of serious patient in reanimobiles; during the operations in field conditions
• Products which are recommended to be used in massage offices for comfort of the patient
• Products which create individual comfort and a cosiness during rest and work at office, in apartment, in a village-house especially in transition periods - in the early spring and in the autumn.

Technical parameters:

• Dimension, cm from 30x40 to 50x150
• Heating element - carbon fibrous material
• Power, W 10-50
• Domestic power supply by way of adapter
• Car power supply by accumulator
• Heating period, min - 8 - 15

Application:

• Heating of a sofa, an armchair, a chair in apartment, on a village-house, at office
• Heating of driver's slating and bunk during the traveling and car parking
• Heating of your pet places

More information on the topic:

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• How an infrared heater works
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• How to decorate the balcony inside
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• Greenhouse infrared heaters