How to choose washbasins based on their typical model names

Kitchen sink drain

• Separation of siphons by device principle
• Drain fittings selection options Model quality

When installing a sink for the kitchen sink, you will have to work with the devices intended for this.

Siphon types: bottle siphon with a submerged tube, bottle siphon with two partitions and pipe.

They are called drain fittings, of which the siphon is an essential part. The siphon in the everyday sense is considered an integral structural element of sinks, washbasins and bathtubs, but it is an independent type of plumbing equipment. This equipment is intended not only for draining liquids, it also prevents unpleasant odors from the sewage system from entering the apartment's living quarters and serves to purify the water removed from the sink from all kinds of kitchen waste and food residues. In the case of a siphon, a permanent water block formed in it, called a water seal or a water seal, serves as protection against unpleasant odors in the case of a siphon.

Use of chemicals

Consider this situation: there is a noticeable smell of sewage from the sink in the kitchen, how to eliminate it if there were no suitable tools or means at hand? There are many sewage cleaning chemicals on the market. They effectively clear blockages, are sold ready-to-use, and are relatively inexpensive. Household chemicals include:

• means "Mole". Has the ability to dissolve grease, organic particles, hair;
• Domestos... A powerful tool designed for cleaning toilets, but suitable for any task;
• Tiret... The chemical composition is specially designed to dissolve organic waste that accumulates in the siphons of kitchen sinks;
• «White". It contains chlorine, which will help dissolve the cork and eliminate odor;
• «Odorgon". An effective neutralizer of odors, which, although it does not eliminate the cause of their appearance, will help get rid of them, at least as a temporary measure.

The use of these products is not difficult, the method of use is indicated on the packaging. The effect of the application depends on the cause of the odor and the location of its source.

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Separation of siphons by device principle

Separation of siphons according to the principle of the device.

According to the principle of the water seal, the siphon for the sink can be classified either as a bottle type, in which the water retaining layer is organized by cylinders inserted into each other, or to a double-turn one, in which the water seal is realized using a pipe elbow of the device. The latter type of devices is now used quite rarely. Previously produced drain devices were mainly made from cast iron or steel, then from more technological and economical materials such as plastic. A modernized version of such devices of the two-turn type can be a corrugated plastic pipe, which, being very flexible, can be bent and fixed in the desired shape with the help of an appropriate tape. A device of this design can be used in a sink and washbasin. Mixed-type devices are also available, combining a bottle design and a corrugated hose.

Today, a large number of models of such devices are made of plastic.Devices made of such material almost do not retain dirt and grease, do not rust, do not rot or corrode. Brass drains are also good. Covered with a chromium film, they are no less reliable and beautiful.

Sophisticated composite modern models of drain fittings are made using plastic, steel, brass, nickel or chrome.

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Drain fittings selection options

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Model quality

Drain fittings diagram.

One of the important parameters that one pays attention to when choosing a valve model is its quality, which leads to trouble-free operation. With the usual characteristics of the sink in the kitchen, it is quite easy to select a drain device.... But if the sink is made according to a special order, it would be logical to decide whether to purchase a siphon in the same place where the sink was bought. In addition, when choosing a model, you should check its overall dimensions so that there are no difficulties during installation and operation.

The performance of the selected device will depend on how it is arranged, on the pressure of water from the mixer and additional kitchen equipment (washing machines, dishwashers) connected to the device. The larger the volume of drained water, the larger the cross-section of the outlets and the device should be.

When choosing fittings, it is imperative to evaluate the quality of the model, its completeness, the reliability of the supplied gaskets, nuts and screws. Choosing a suitable drain fitting for yourself in the absence of sufficient funds for its purchase, you can choose a standard model made of white plastic.

As a rule, most consumers choose models made of plastic and rubber, since they are cheaper, easier to install and more stable in operation.

Sizes of fittings nozzles The next step is to select fittings according to the dimensions corresponding to the existing plumbing. In terms of its diameter, the device should be similar to the existing plumbing system in the kitchen. If the sink is installed in the kitchen, then it makes sense to choose a device with a large outlet pipe diameter (not 32 mm, but 40). In the kitchen, a lot of fatty and various food residues will pass through the drain fittings, over time, some of them, settling, will accumulate inside the device, which can cause it to clog.

The most in demand today are light, easy-to-install and easy-to-use plastic bottle drainage devices. Such devices include everything necessary for normal service, including rubber gaskets and seals. Their design can include additional pipes for supplying water from a dishwasher and / or washing machine, as well as for a kitchen with two sinks - two outlets.

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Bottle siphon

The scheme of the bottle-type siphon.

A device of this type structurally resembles a stylized bottle (flask) made of hard plastic or metal.

If, for example, we consider a model that has the ability to ensure the overflow of water from a clogged sink into the drain and can receive additional water flow from a dishwasher or washing machine, then it will consist of the following parts:

• release;
• overflow;
• branch for connecting a drain pipe from other water sources;
• flask;
• outlet branch pipe;
• gasket;
• connecting nuts and screws.

The design of the bottle draining device has the following obvious advantages:

• quite easy to mount;
• convenient in operation, as it is simply disassembled for cleaning and opens access to the sewer pipe;
• like other types of such devices, it implements the operation of a water seal.

It can be used both in the washbasin and in the sink. A device of this design is cleaned quickly - just remove the bottom of the flask.

Although the design of drain devices is very simple, manufacturers do not stop improving it, increasing quality and reliability. This process is associated with fashion trends in the design of sanitary equipment. For example, the emerging model of a sink on a pedestal required the placement of a drain device in a narrow cavity of the pedestal, and this, in turn, entailed corresponding changes in the size and design of such devices.

Bottle siphons made of stainless steel are considered more durable and reliable in operation. But their installation on site is more difficult due to the fact that the steel branch pipe, if necessary, cannot be easily shortened. Accordingly, the use of metal for the manufacture of fittings seriously complicates its installation and disassembly, therefore plastic models are more in demand.

Diagram of the bottle-type siphon device.

A fairly large number of manufacturers of plumbing fixtures for gaskets in devices use polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the service life of which is relatively short, moreover, it does not have very high sealing properties. And in many countries of the world, this material is prohibited for use in everyday life. It is better if the manufacturer in the devices uses gaskets made of environmentally friendly, high-quality rubber, which has a longer service life than PVC products. Rubber perfectly seals all joints and is highly recyclable. If the siphon is disassembled, the used rubber gasket retains its working properties and does not need to be replaced with a new gasket.

In the manufacture of plastic parts, some plumbing manufacturers use a specially formulated antibacterial component that inhibits the growth of bacteria on the surface of the plastic and in the environment in contact with it. It also prevents the formation of mucus on the product, the appearance of an unpleasant odor, and increases the life of the polymer.

Manufacturing companies have a variety of patents for their products. When choosing products, you should familiarize yourself with this information. It will not be superfluous to find out, for example, that the patented drain design of the model proposed for implementation has minimal resistance to flowing water and increases resistance to clogging.

Drain fittings made by domestic manufacturers are neither beautiful nor quality, but much cheaper than imported ones. However, if you already have expensive sinks and the corresponding mixers for them, you should also purchase high-quality drainage devices. They will work for a long time without leaking or clogging. It is not worth saving here. It is better to buy high-quality siphons from well-known firms and companies, so as not to later solve unpleasant issues of repairing the purchased fittings. The market offers many different devices, different models at different prices and in different quality. Professional advice and feedback from experienced friends will help you make the best choice.

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Varieties of bottle siphons

Manufacturers offer a wide range of hydraulic seals, depending on where it will be installed. The main difference lies in the form and materials. Bottle siphons are made of two types of material: brass and plastic.

The very first material from which the bottle odor trap was made was cast iron. This metal's most important advantage was its anti-corrosion property. But soon such water locks were abandoned due to the fact that they quickly clog up, float with grease and become very dirty, and it is quite difficult to clean them.

Nowadays, plumbers are preferable to siphons made of plastic, since they are easier to operate and install than brass ones. The brass bottle siphon with release was more popular several decades ago, and now it is receding into the background.

A water trap made of brass is more heat-resistant than plastic. Inside them, gaskets are installed from a special material called paronite. It allows very hot liquids to be poured into the bathtub or sink. Paronite is a cardboard impregnated with a special resin, and this helps the brass water seal withstand temperatures up to 100 ° (inclusive). This material is strong and durable. But, as already mentioned, such siphons are not particularly popular in everyday life in our time.

Plastic bottle siphons are made from propylene or plastic. They win over metal ones due to the higher coefficient of linear expansion. In such siphons, the coupling acts as a seal. Plastic odor traps are most often corrugated, that is, they resemble a pipe in a fold. This pipe can be bent in the desired direction, the water seal will remain in it in any case. The plastic bottle siphon can be pulled out in different directions. Its main advantage is mobility. If the location of the sink, sink or washing machine in the kitchen or bathroom is ambiguous, then using a corrugated siphon, you can move the plumbing to the right place.

Bottle siphon

The standardized bottle siphon is a modernized two-turn, only made of plastic. At the same time, it has an exit, both to the sink and to the shower. The unified water seal differs in its design. The overflow pipe is curved. The pipe itself is made of LDPE. The pipe is connected to a tee, which seals the water seal with a nut with a tapered plastic ring. This design is the most reliable, material-intensive and high-quality.

Features of installing a siphon

Siphon installation diagram.

If you purchased the necessary device and decided to install it yourself, without involving outside specialists, do not forget that:

• since the connection of such devices to the sink and sewer pipe for any model is done as standard, the installation features usually depend on the design of the product itself;
• it is recommended to assemble the model without deviating from the corresponding instructions.

The sequence of operations for connecting a drain device to the sink in the kitchen:

• place the device under the sink, try on the upcoming connections;
• if there is a plug on the outlet, connect it;
• assemble the flask of the device in accordance with the attached instructions;
• connect the outlet pipe connected to the drain with the flask of the device;
• check the quality of the installed gaskets, the presence of stripped threads and broken connecting nuts;
• join the drainage pipe with the outlet pipe, fix and seal the connection;
• serve water for a short time, checking the tightness of the entire device and its connections.

After checking the device in different conditions for detecting leaks, it can be considered completely ready for continuous operation.

General information

A siphon is a bent pipe that is located under the sink. This design can be seen in every kitchen. This raises the question - why is it needed, what function does it perform?

First, through this elbow, waste water entered the sewer. And secondly, the water seal prevents unpleasant odors from the sewage system. If you remove it, then in an hour the room will be filled with a specific unpleasant odor.

Types of siphons

As mentioned above, the design of a sink siphon can vary greatly depending on its type.

Structures are of the following types:

• Pipe - is a pipe bent by a knee. Most often they are found in Soviet times, when the drain was made from cast iron pipes. This design takes up a lot of space, besides, it can only be cleaned from large debris.
• Siphon-corrugated - resembles the previous design, but the pipe in this case is soft, with folds. The zigzag bend is secured with a plastic clip. Its difference from other types is mobility, which allows you to move the sink over short distances. As a rule, the price for such a product is lower than for other types of structures, however, corrugated is not the most practical type. The disadvantage of this design is the embossed surface, which is quickly clogged with fat. Therefore, such a product is not the most practical.

• Bottle - The design gets its name from the shape that resembles a bottle and is by far the most common type of knee for a sink. The product has a flask that acts as a sump. If you accidentally drop a chain or other object into the drain hole, it can be easily reached by unscrewing the sump lid. Typically, the pouring pipe is located inside the flask, thereby forming a water seal. Such a structure, if necessary, is easy to untwist and clean.

In the photo - specialized siphons

In addition to the above-described designs, there are still other, specialized products that are much less common. For example, if a sink has two bowls, then a double design is used.

There are also siphons with a drain pipe for connecting a washing machine. There are also designs with an auto drain and an overflow hole that allow you to draw water into the sink and, if necessary, drain it by pressing one button.

Maintenance

Now let's figure out how to clean the drain in the sink in case of clogging:

1. Boiling water, soda and vinegar. How to clean the drain in the sink with improvised means? To do this, it is enough to boil a few liters of water, add soda and vinegar to it, which are available in every kitchen, and pour the contents into the sink. This method is remarkable not only for its cheapness, but also for the fact that it is suitable for any type of siphon. Unfortunately, it doesn't always work.

Economical cleaning method

1. Removing debris from the siphon... This option is ideal for bottle models. We put an empty container under the drain and unscrew the water seal lid. We clean out its inner walls and twist it back.

How to unclog a sink with a bottle siphon

1. Ventuz... Another method that is suitable for any type of water seal is the use of a special device that looks like a large suction cup.

We do this:

• We collect a full sink of water.
• We put a plunger with a cup on the drain hole.
• Press several times and remove sharply. At this moment, due to the pressure, the garbage plug violates its integrity, and the gushing water flushes its remnants into the sewer.

Cleaning the drain with a plunger

Replacing the siphon

Bottle design

So, have you noticed that the siphon is leaking under the sink, or you just bought a sink without a siphon. In this case, you will have to do the installation of the new structure with your own hands.

Advice! When buying a siphon, you need to check its complete set, since sometimes you can miss the gaskets, or instead of one conical, you see two flat ones.

Before you put the siphon on the sink, you must dismantle the old knee:

1. To do this, using a slotted screwdriver, you need to unscrew the screw that connects the iron mesh of the sink with the outlet pipe.
2. Then you should pull the corrugation out of the sewer pipe, and then remove the old knee.
3. After dismantling the old structure, wipe the sink with a damp cloth.

Advice! When installing branch pipes, horizontal sections (regardless of soft or rigid structure) should be minimal in order to exclude sagging during operation.

Diagram - how to assemble a siphon for a bottle-type sink

Then you need to assemble a new siphon, as a rule, there is an instruction on the package that clearly shows the order of performing the work.

However, if something is not clear to you, read the following plan:

1. First of all, you need to insert the gasket into the groove of the sump, and then screw it down from the bottom of the siphon.
2. Then put on the branch pipe one by one:
   coupling plastic nut;
3. a tapered gasket (usually blue), which should be located a few centimeters from the edge of the nozzle.
4. The prepared branch pipe must be inserted into the body of the flask, as a result of which the structure will take the shape of a bottle. In this case, the nut should be tightened by hand, and not with a tool, otherwise it may burst.
5. Next, put a coupling nut with a gasket on the outlet pipe and screw it to the siphon. A tapered gasket is put on the opposite end of the pipe, after which the pipe is inserted into the sewer outlet.
6. Then the metal mesh must be laid in the sink drain hole, after laying the gasket. After that, a long metal screw is inserted into the mesh and the branch pipe is screwed in so that there are no distortions.

Pipe structure installation diagram

Note! The pipe must not touch the bottom of the sump, otherwise water will not pass through it.

After replacing the siphon under the sink, it remains only to check the structure for leaks. To do this, you need to open the water all the way and carefully look so that there is no leak.

If water does not drip anywhere, then the installation is done with high quality. If a leak was found during the check, then this place must be sealed. You can eliminate the gap with silicone sealant.

Corrugated siphon

Installing a corrugated siphon on a sink is even easier than the previous type, as it has even fewer parts. In fact, its main element is a corrugated pipe, which creates a water seal and acts as drain pipes.

Assembled corrugated siphon

Therefore, the installation is reduced to connecting one end of the pipe to the bathroom sink. and the second - to the sewer outlet. For this, union nuts and sealing washers are used. The pipe bend must be secured with a plastic clamp.

Advice! If the pipe does not match the drain diameter, then a transition sleeve can be used. It should be borne in mind that the connection with the pipe of the calculated diameter is always more reliable than using a cuff.

We've covered how to install a siphon on a sink. Now, knowing the basic principle, it will not be difficult to carry out the installation according to the instructions presented. The main thing is to make sure that all connections are made tightly, in order to avoid possible leaks.

More information on this topic can be obtained from the video in this "width =" 640 "height =" 480 "frameborder =" 0 "allowfullscreen =" allowfullscreen ">

We've covered how to install a siphon on a sink. Now, knowing the basic principle, it will not be difficult to carry out the installation according to the instructions presented. The main thing is to make sure that all connections are made tightly, in order to avoid possible leaks.

You can get more information on this topic from the video in this article.

Output

It is not difficult to install a drain system under the sink, but it is very important to follow the instructions above. Otherwise, a leak may form, which will not allow the structure to be fully exploited and will force the whole process to be repeated again. It is also important to be able to clean the drain, as it periodically clogs up.

Working drain system

The video in this article will acquaint you with additional information that is directly related to the materials reviewed. Be careful during the assembly process, and you will succeed.

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Purpose and design

The sink drain consists of a curved siphon and a drain pipe. The curved siphon design provides two important functions:

• protection of the room from the sewer odor penetrating through the drain hole from the sewer pipe;
• protection of the drain pipe from blockage by solid particles entering through the hole in the sink.

Sink drains: copper, bronze, steel

How does a siphon drain work?

When water is flushed through the hole, the waste liquid does not immediately directly enter the internal sewer pipe. It descends into the siphon, makes a bend, rises up (along the bent knee) and then moves down into the common drain. With this pattern of movement, water remains in the lower part of the bent knee. This is the so-called water trap, which does not let the odors of the drains into the living space.

Siphon drain device diagram

In the bend of the knee siphon, there are also hard, heavy particles or small objects that can accidentally be poured into the sink. To remove them, the knee part of the pipe is removed and cleaned, and then reinstalled in place.

Siphon design for sink

The structure of the siphon is approximately the same for all devices, but depending on the model and manufacturer, it may differ in some features.

A standard sink siphon consists of:

1. protective mesh. Its purpose is to prevent the ingress of large particles of debris and thereby prevent clogging of the system. This is the so-called primary filtration system. It is installed with a knot that is attached to the sink;
2. overflow pipe. It is a system that prevents the sink or bath from overflowing with water. It is attached to the branch pipe;
3. rubber gaskets, ensuring the tightness of the connections of the elements of the siphon;
4. branch pipe;
5. a connecting screw holding together the parts of the siphon;
6. the siphon itself;
7. sewerage drainage.

Types of drain devices under the sink

The modern market offers an enviable variety of designs and materials for making plums. Among the most demanded materials are plastic and metal. Constructive forms are made in the following basic versions:

• pipe;
• corrugated (usually a plastic hose);
• bottle;
• "dry".

Let us dwell in more detail on the differences in the structure and functioning of the listed types of plums.

Pipe siphon

The pipe siphon is a curved pipe. Most often, such a structure is made of metal. This is a traditional old style sink called a "knee". In a modern version, its design has acquired a decent appearance: a shiny stainless surface of bronze or brass, convenient connectors for disassembly and assembly, low weight (unlike the old-style cast-iron elbows). The pipe bend can be made in the "U" shape or in the "S" shape. The curved part is the lowest point of the structure, this ensures that dirt, waste, and foreign particles settle in it.

Photo: pipe siphon

If it is necessary to organize a drain from two holes (for example, two bowls of a kitchen sink), the pipe elbow is placed as low as possible, closer to the sewer pipe. Above the knee, a structure is assembled from connecting pipes and adapters that collect two drain streams into one before the bend of the pipe siphon.

Corrugated siphon

A corrugated siphon is a type of curved pipe. The difference is that the bent part is not made in the form of a solid pipe, but in the form of a movable corrugated hose. It is the corrugation that ensures its mobility and the possibility of simplified installation to the drain pipe. These structures are made of plastic.The curved position of the corrugation is supported by a clamp. If necessary, the connecting clamp can be moved, making the bend more pronounced or less curved.

Photo: corrugated siphon

Corrugation folds have not only advantages, but also disadvantages. Dirt and food deposits quickly accumulate in their cavities (if it is a kitchen sink). It is difficult to clean them. In addition, the corrugation material becomes brittle over time and leaks. The characteristics of the plastic used do not allow boiling water to be drained into such a sink.

Bottle siphon

The bottle siphon is the most popular kitchen sink waste design. Its external shape resembles a bottle. Inside the siphon of the device, water moves downward - upward along a curved path, which is formed by the double wall of the device. The drains move down the middle of the inner pipe and sink to the bottom of the siphon. Then they rise along the gap between the inner and outer walls of the drain device. Then they are discharged into the sewer through the side opening of the siphon.

Photo: bottle siphon

If it is necessary to connect several drains to one siphon, a transition element is installed in front of it. The main drain is drained into such an adapter from above (from the bowl), and an emergency drain (overflow) from the same sink or drain from another plumbing device (washing machine, dishwasher) can be poured in from the side.

Bottle designs are made from both plastic (more affordable price solutions) and metal (more expensive, prestigious and durable siphons).

"Dry" siphon

"Dry" siphons are one of the modern inventions of plumbing. The name "dry" is due to the fact that there is no constant standing of water in them. The role of the water seal is performed by rubber gaskets, which are located inside the siphon and block the passage of sewage odors. When the drains are drained, the rubber opens under water pressure and allows the flow to pass, after which it closes the free lumen of the pipe again. The rubber element is called "dry" water seal.

Photo: dry sink siphon

The absence of water in the check valve makes it possible to install such structures in country or country houses, where the heating does not work constantly. In winter frost conditions, the water trap will freeze and deform the siphon pipe. Therefore, a “dry” check valve will be the best type of drain.

The "dry" design is more compact, it does not have a curved part, therefore, its installation saves space under the sink.

Dry plum siphons are installed in the following cases:

• no room for a curved siphon;
• cold room, periodically not heated;
• a hot room where the water seal often dries up;
• draining air conditioners (outdoor location);
• objects where shaking and vibration are present (for example, delivery vans).

The direction of installation of "dry" drain can be both vertical and horizontal. In the case of a horizontal arrangement, an angle adapter is mounted between the drain and the sink.

Dismantling the dilapidated drainage device

If you are dealing with a typical Russian-made plastic drain, then no tool is required for the purpose of dismantling.

The procedure in this case is as follows:

1. First of all, go to make sure that the water supply valves are closed.
2. After that, it will be necessary to put a bucket under the sink to collect the remaining water that has accumulated in the siphon sump.
3. To dismantle the siphon, first of all, you need to unscrew the plastic fastening nut on the sewer outlet, and then disconnect it.
4. Now it will be possible to unscrew the union nut with which the siphon is attached to the sink drain pipe.
5. Then the siphon from the place of its attachment, and the rest of the water from its sump is poured into a bucket.
6. Lastly, the sink drain with a protective mesh is dismantled (for this, it is enough to unscrew the union nut that secures the pipe to the sink).

If the protective mesh (grill) is attached to the sink by means of a special screw, you will need a screwdriver of the appropriate type to dismantle it.

Siphon for bathroom, washbasin or kitchen

In addition, you can save space under the sink by using a special siphon in a box. To place the box in the wall, make a hole for its size. The appearance of the sink drain will be masked in the wall, only a thin pipe will be extended to the installed box.

Drainage with double air intake

Each drain design is characterized by preferential use.

A bathroom siphon is most often a curved pipe. A compulsory addition to it is a corrugated hose for connecting the drain from the overflow (emergency drain located in the upper part of the bath in case of overfilling of the tank with water). Most bath drains have a plug for the drain hole.

The shower tray siphon (ladder) has a low height (from 8 to 20 cm). Bottle drain structures are installed under the washbasins. The hidden design in the box is used for washing machines or dishwashers. In the kitchen, it is advisable to install a branched drain.

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Sink waste design

The sink drain device itself looks like a curved tube, which includes a siphon and, in fact, the drain pipe itself. When the tap is turned on and the water in the sink is drained, it first enters the siphon, then passes through the curved pipe, and only then enters the common water drain. To protect the siphon from clogging, special metal protective nets were invented, which are installed in the sink and prevent the drain from getting small debris and hair.

Due to its bend, the siphon performs the main tasks: the water does not leave all at once, but lingers a little, forming a shutter, which does not allow unpleasant odors from the sewer to penetrate into the room.

The drain is usually completed with a body, an outlet, collars, a cover plate, a rubber stopper, as well as nuts and fasteners. Experts recommend purchasing a drain with an overflow. In this design, a corrugated pipe is added, which connects to the siphon a little higher. Such a drain is less prone to clogging.

Criterias of choice

Before buying, it is important to pay attention to the design of the sink. If it has a non-standard drain size, then problems may arise in the process of choosing a siphon. Usually, in this case, the siphon should come with the sink. If you plan to connect additional equipment to the device with the need to enter the sewer, such as a washing machine, then you should pay attention to the bottle-type siphons with an additional number of outlets. It is important to pay attention to both the location of the sewer inlet pipe and the amount of free space under the sink. An easier solution would be to purchase a corrugated tube.

Not the least role is played by the appearance of the siphon for the sink in the kitchen, as well as the quality of its workmanship. Before buying, you should make sure that the product has no visible defects, such as chips, burrs on the threads, deformed and loose rubber gaskets.

The sink siphon is an inconspicuous but very important device in the kitchen. Thanks to him, a comfortable use of the sink is carried out. Correctly selected material and shape of the product will not cause discomfort during the operation of the sink, such as an unpleasant smell from the sewer and other problems. For some contemporary interiors, attractive and eye-catching metal siphons in chrome-plated brass, copper or bronze will work.

Types of siphons

Depending on which appliance the drain will be connected to, they can be divided into siphons for the sink, for the shower cabin and siphons for the bathroom. The first option, in turn, is divided into several more types, different in structure. The shower trap is installed at the bottom or in the floor. The bathroom drain is equipped with an overflow to avoid flooding.

Siphons for sinks differ in their design and can be:

• Pipe. This type of drain is installed in bathroom sinks, as if installed in the kitchen, it will be subject to frequent clogging. Outwardly, this is a pipe, when bent, a water barrier is created. To clean such a siphon, its lower knee is removed. The main advantages of this type of drain are its compactness, aesthetic appearance, and quick access for cleaning.

The disadvantage of this type of siphon is the not very deep water seal, which in the future, when evaporating, can give off unpleasant odors. This can happen when the sink is not used for a long time: water accumulates, stagnates and perspiration forms. Also, the disadvantage can be considered a complicated installation, and the impossibility of using it in the kitchen. Therefore, such siphons have lost their popularity today, giving way to the next type of drain.

• Corrugated. This drain is an improved type of pipe drain. A flexible corrugated plastic pipe is connected to the main structure. On the one hand, the drain is connected to the drain hole in the sink, and on the other, to the sewer pipe. The corrugation bends well enough and accepts any bends, which is beneficial for sinks installed outside the box. The slope of the pipe to create a water seal is formed manually. Such a siphon is distinguished by its low cost and ease of installation. Due to the absence of connections on the pipe, the risk of water leakage is reduced to zero. Due to its ability to stretch, this type of drain allows you to move the sink, while not disconnecting it from the water outlet. It is very convenient for renovation. The corrugated siphon is suitable for sinks with a small space for a drain.

The disadvantages of a siphon with a corrugation can be called the difficulty that arises when cleaning from debris. Due to the presence of small folds, a large amount of grease and dirt will settle in the pipe. To clean the pipe, you will have to remove it completely, or use chemicals.

• Bottled. They are the most popular among consumers today. In their shape, such siphons resemble a bottle, which is why they got their name. Such a device is installed directly under the sink and in the structure contains a flask, as well as a sump, where all waste flows. From the inside, the flask is equipped with a bendable tube; therefore, there is almost always water in the flask.

If it becomes necessary to install several drains to one siphon, then a special adapter is installed for this. This transition element receives the main water drain, and from the side, an emergency drain is poured, for example, connected to a washing machine.

The advantages of this type of siphon include ease of cleaning. To do this, you just need to unscrew the lower part of the flask and clean it. Another plus: if a small thing was accidentally dropped into the sink, it will not go straight into the sewer pipe, but will linger in the sump, and later it can be removed from there. The bottle siphon has the ability to connect other plumbing fixtures: dishwasher, washing machine, and some models are equipped with additional functions.

The disadvantage of the bottle drain is a more complicated installation than in the case of a corrugated siphon, as well as the real estate of the sink without replacing the device itself.

• Dry siphons. Such sinks are a modern invention in the plumbing fixtures market.Dry draining is popular due to the impossibility of accumulating water, since it contains rubberized gaskets instead of a water seal. They act as a barrier and prevent the appearance of odors from the sewer. When the water drains, the rubber bands open the hole, when the water turns off, the rubber bands close the water drainage passage again.

This design of the siphon allows you to mount the device in country houses, where the owners leave for a long time and the room is unheated. Due to the absence of a water seal, during frost the water will not freeze and will not lead to deformation of the drain pipe.

The advantage is also the absence of curved elements that take up some space, the dry siphon has a straight shape and will fit even under the smallest sink. Installation of such a drain can be both vertical and horizontal.

Also, siphons differ in the material from which they are made:

• Metal appliances. Metal siphons are distinguished by their durability, especially in brass and bronze models. Metal siphons are not afraid of mechanical damage, but over time they can corrode and oxidize. A good and high-quality metal drain must be covered with chrome on the inside: this will prevent the appearance of dirt and clogging on the pipes. The downside of metal siphons is the difficulty of shortening the pipe - this requires a special tool and some time.
• Plastic siphons. They are the most popular devices today. Plastic has a low cost and is also resistant to corrosion. Due to the short service life of plastic products, such siphons are equipped with special rubber seals in the connecting nodes. This move adds additional tightness to the plastic siphon. Metal siphon

Modern manufacturers make plastic siphons coated with a special antibacterial substance from the inside, which prevents dirt from settling on the pipe.

Plastic products are lightweight, resistant to chemicals, simple in design and easy to install.

What to look for when choosing a siphon?

It is necessary to choose a sink siphon taking into account the following factors:

• Siphons are usually sold complete with sinks, but if the equipment is different, measure the diameter of the sink neck. The diameters at the sink and washbasin are usually different;
• Take care of the capacity of the siphon. Decide in advance whether other plumbing fixtures will be connected to the siphon. When connecting additional devices, the water flow must be increased. This is done by increasing the number of outlets into the sewer pipe;
• Determine how conveniently the sewer pipe is located. If it is too low, it will become necessary to raise it. In this case, it is better to purchase a corrugated siphon;
• Calculate how much free space there is under the sink, the dimensions of the future siphon will depend on this;
• When choosing a drain, carefully inspect it for chips, punctures and other types of defects. Also check the quality of the rubber seals - you may have to purchase more reliable parts;
• Perhaps the aesthetic side of the future siphon will be important, so get the siphon that will visually also fit the bathroom.

Installation of the bottom valve

Do-it-yourself installation of the bottom valve is not difficult. However, the work must be considered in conjunction with the installation of the mixer, since most often it is a single structure that is supplied in one set.

Advice! When installing the mixer, it should be borne in mind that the decorative coating can be easily damaged. Therefore, when working, it is necessary to use tools without teeth and with jaws. If there is no such tool, then you can use a regular one, but at the same time lay cardboard, brass or copper gaskets.

Mixer installation

Installing the mixer on the sink

Installation of the structure begins with the installation of the crane.

The instruction looks like this:

• The flexible hoses that come from the mixer and the valve lever should be passed through the hole.
• The tap must be fixed over a special hole in the shelf (pedestal) of the sink. It is fixed with a clamping nut. In this case, a rubber gasket must be placed between it and the sink (on both sides of the mounting hole).
• If the water inlets are not straight, the hoses can be bent slightly. It is much more difficult to work with rigid, copper pipes, which will have to be bent with special tools. This operation requires certain skills.
• If necessary, cut the pipes and grind the cut points. Sanding must be done very carefully. Often, the shavings get inside the structure, after which it becomes impossible to tighten or unscrew the tap. To eliminate this trouble, in no case should you try to unscrew or close the valves by force. The only way out is to dismantle the aerator (a device in which water and air are mixed), after which you need to turn on the tap and rinse the chips under pressure.
• The hoses must be attached to the hot and cold water pipes using rubber-padded nuts, taking care not to bend the pipes. Only U-shaped arrangement is allowed, S-shaped arrangement of pipes cannot be used.

Flexible hose for connection to the water supply

Advice! It is recommended that the flexible hose gaskets be checked every three years. The fact is that they wear out over time, as a result of which they can clog the tap.

Installation of the bottom valve

After the mixer is installed, you should immediately proceed with the installation of the bottom valve.

This procedure is even simpler and includes just a few stages:

• The bottom valve itself must be inserted into the drain hole of the sink.
• The valve spokes are crossed. At the junction, they are fixed with a plastic cross.
• The spoke then connects to the lever and connects to the valve eyelet. Under the action of the lever, the spoke will close and open the valve.

Note! Sinks are available with overflow and without overflow, depending on this, a different design of the bottom valve is used.

This completes the assembly of the structure, however, it is too early to check its operability, since a corrugation or a siphon for the sink must be connected to the valve, which serves to drain waste water into the sewer.

In the photo - the bottom valve assembled with a siphon

Advice! If the space under the sink is not covered with furniture, then it is best to use a chrome siphon, which looks aesthetically pleasing in conjunction with a chrome faucet.

The siphon or corrugation is wound from below, after which the flexible hose is connected to the sewer pipe. After that, we can assume that you have coped with the work, but first you need to test the system for operability and the absence of a leak.

The check should be done in a specific order:

• First of all, you need to connect the water supply and make sure that the faucet does not "let through", and also the joints do not drip. Otherwise, it is necessary to "tighten" the connections, it is quite possible that you will need to use a sealing tape for threaded connections.
• Then you should completely unscrew the tap and check the siphon for leaks. At the same time, open and close the valve several times to make sure it is working, fill the washbasin with water and drain it. In the process of testing, it should not be undermined anywhere.

If the testing was successful, it means that you have completely coped with the task.

The procedure for self-installation of a bottle siphon

Due to the special popularity of the bottle-type siphon, it is worth considering the scheme for its installation. Self-assembly and installation of the siphon does not imply any problems, so a beginner can also cope with this task.Most often, the kit includes assembly instructions that must be followed. The main installation steps include:

1. The first step is to connect the siphon to the sink drain. To do this, attach a protective mesh for the sink from the outside, place a rubber gasket on the outlet pipe and press it firmly against the drain hole from the inside of the sink. Use a screwdriver to tighten the connecting screw into the branch pipe nut. Please note that the protective grid must be sunk into the sink bowl and not protrude from it. This will help prevent water from collecting in the sink.
2. The second stage involves the collection of the main part of the siphon. A plastic nut and a cone-shaped gasket are put on the end of the branch pipe, after which it is inserted into the flask and the nut is tightened. Next, the upper part of the flask is twisted, while it is connected using rubber gaskets.
3. At the last stage, the siphon is connected to the sewer pipe. This is done using a corrugated tube or rigid assembly. It is important that the inlet diameter of the sewer pipe matches the connected pipe, otherwise you will have to use a rubber cuff for tightness.

After the siphon is installed, check the build quality. To do this, turn on the water to full pressure and put paper under the sink so that drops are visible.

Siphon assembly

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Installation work

Installing a sink drain in a kitchen consists of three steps.

Tip: If you want to save space and install a wall-mounted sink above the washing machine, then a sink with an offset drain is best for you for this task, since it leaves the space underneath empty.

Semicircular washbasin with side drain

Stage 1: connection to the sink

The instruction looks like this:

1. We put a gasket on the drain hole.
2. We mount the filter grate on top.
3. We fix a rubber gasket on the side of the outlet pipe.
4. We attach the part from below to the drain hole.
5. We pass the bolt through the grate and screw it into the threaded hole of the pipe.

Stage number 2: installation of a water seal

Connecting the body part of the siphon

1. We mount a nut on the outlet, and then a gasket in the form of a cone.
2. Next, we string the body of the water seal onto it to the desired mark.
3. We lower and tighten the nut with our hands so as not to break the thread.
4. We put the rubber gasket in the cover and screw it to the bottom of the device.

Tip: do not use silicone to seal the lid, as you will still have to unscrew it often. It is better to use tow or FUM tape for this.

Sample FUM tape

Stage number 3: connection to the sewerage

1. We insert a rubber sleeve into the sewer pipe, the inner diameter of which must be less than the outer diameter of the siphon outlet. This will prevent the penetration of sewer odors into the room.

Fitting the rubber cuff

1. The fixation is carried out using a conical gasket and a nut, in the same way as it happened when the device was connected to the sink.